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CAPE VERDE(Republic of Cape Verde). Island nation west coast Africa. The capital is Praia (125 thousand people, 2009). Territory - 4,033 thousand sq. km. Administrative-territorial division - 17 municipal districts. Population - 523.568 thousand people. (2012). The official languages \u200b\u200bare Portuguese and Creole (Criulu). Religion - Christianity and traditional African beliefs. The monetary unit is the eshkudu of Cape Verde. National holiday - July 5 - Independence Day (1975). Cape Verde has been a member of the United Nations since 1975, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Organization of African Unity (OAU) since 1975, the African Union (AU) since 2002, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries (PALOP) since 1996.

The country is located on the Cape Verde Islands archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean at a distance of approx. 455 km from Dakar (Senegal) - the westernmost point of the African continent. The archipelago is part of Macronesia (it also includes the Azores, Canary Islands, Desert Islands and Madeira Island). Consists of 18 large and small islands (Boavista, Brava, Branco, Grande, Dos Passaros, Luis Carneiro, Mayu, Razu, Sal, São Vicente, São Nicolau, Santa Luzia, Santa Maria, Santo Antán, Santiago, Sapadu, Sima and Fogu). The largest island is Santiago (991 sq. Km).

Nature.

Volcanic islands. The relief is predominantly mountainous. The plains are located on the islands of Boavista, Mayu and Sal. The coastline of the islands (1053 km) is rocky and very indented. The archipelago is located in one of the seismic zones in Africa, the most frequent earthquakes are on Brava Island. The highest point of the archipelago is the active volcano Fogu (2829 m), located on the island of the same name (the last eruption occurred in 1995). There are two groups of islands - northern windward (Barlaventu) and southern leeward (Sotaventu). Minerals: basalt, volcanic tuff, limestone, kaolin, pumice, pozzolan and salt. On the islands of Brava and Santo Antan there are sources of medicinal mineral waters.

The climate is dry tropical (hot). The warmest period of the year is August-September, the coolest is January-February. The average annual air temperature is + 22-26 ° C. The average annual precipitation is 100-300 mm. Most of them fall in the mountains. The vegetation is scarce. The flora includes 450 native plant species and 150 imported ones. Acacias, bombardeira, cypresses, pines and eucalyptus trees grow in the mountains, almonds, coconut and date palms grow in the valleys. There are baobabs, dragon tree and mango. The greenest island of the archipelago is Brava, sometimes called the island of flowers. Deforestation has led to the virtual disappearance of rivers, their beds are filled with water only during the rainy season. Sources of fresh water are wells, drilling rigs and desalination plants. Fauna - a diverse world of birds (egrets, wood grouses, kingfishers, waders, sea gulls, quails, parrots, falcons, flamingos, frigates) and many species of lizards. Most of the animal species were introduced by settlers - livestock, cats, rabbits, rats, mice, monkeys and dogs. The world of butterflies and insects is diverse. The waters of the islands are rich in fish (barracuda, mullet, salmon, mackerel, sole, moray eels, herring, tuna). There are many sharks, lobsters and molluscs. There are whales and sea turtles.

Population.

Population density - approx. 130 people for 1 sq. km. (2009).

The average annual population growth is 1.428%. The birth rate is 21.21 per 1000 people, the mortality rate is 6.28 per 1000 people.

Infant mortality rate is 26.02 per 1000 newborns. The average life expectancy is 71.8 years (67.78 years for men and 73.27 for women). (All figures are as of 2012).

70% of the population are Creoles (descendants from mixed marriages of Portuguese and Spanish settlers with Africans), 28% are Africans, 1% are Europeans. In addition to Portuguese, the Creole dialect of Criulu (a mixture of Old Portuguese and African languages) is widespread. 53.3% of the population are residents of cities and urban settlements (2000). The most populated island is Santiago.

More than 60% of the population lives in cities. Large cities: Mindelo (62.97 thousand people), São Filippi (6 thousand people) - 2000.

The purchasing power in 2002 was USD 1.4 thousand. In 2011, this figure was 2.078 thousand US dollars. (a fairly high level for African countries), however, approx. 30% of the population qualifies as poor.

The process of population emigration continues. The Cape Verdean diaspora in Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, the USA and African countries (Angola, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal and Mozambique) numbers 700 thousand people.

Religions.

One of the most Catholic countries in Africa. Christianity, which has spread here since the middle of the 17th century, is professed by approx. 92.5% of the population: 90% belong to the Roman Catholic Church, 2.5% are Protestants (mainly parishioners of the Church of Nazareth). 7.5% of residents adhere to traditional African beliefs, are members of religious sects (Jehovah's Witnesses, Mormons, etc.) or profess Islam.

State structure.

Parliamentary republic. The constitution adopted on September 25, 1992 is in force. The head of state and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces is the president, elected in a general election for a 5-year term. Parliament is a unicameral National Assembly (72 seats), whose deputies are elected for 5 years.

Judicial system.

It is based on the Portuguese legal system.

Military establishment.

The Armed Forces (1200 people: 1000 ground forces, aviation - 100 people, 100 people of the Coast Guard - 2001) were created on the basis of the People's Armed Revolutionary Forces of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde, formed in 1967. Military service is compulsory character. Internal order is ensured by police units (about 1,000 people). Military spending in 2002 amounted to 1.6% of GDP.

State flag.

In 1992, new symbols were approved (flag, coat of arms and anthem). The flag is a panel of five horizontal stripes. The upper and lower ones are blue, between them there are two white and one red (in the center) stripes, on which ten yellow five-pointed stars are placed in a circle.

Foreign policy.

The most active foreign policy ties are developing with Germany, Italy, China, Portugal, the USA, France, Japan and the Portuguese-speaking countries of Africa. Diplomatic relations between the USSR and Cape Verde were established on July 14, 1975. Cooperation in the field of civil aviation is actively going on. The republic does not have its own representative office in the Russian Federation.

Economy.

Since the early 1990s, tourism has become a priority industry. The privatization of state enterprises is under way. Free trade zones have been created.

The republic is one of the largest consumers of foreign aid in the world per capita - USD 270. 2/3 of the aid is provided by the countries of the European Union. The successful development of the tourism industry (a sixfold increase in the number of places in tourist complexes in 1991–2000 and the creation of 25 thousand new jobs) helped to reduce unemployment. Its level in 2000 was 21%. In 2002, GDP growth was 4%, inflation - 3%.

Agriculture.

The share of the agricultural sector in GDP is 11% (2001). Arable land - 10% of the territory. Pineapples, bananas (considered to be among the best in the world in quality), legumes, cabbage, potatoes, cassava, corn, mangoes, coca nuts, sugarcane and tomatoes are grown. Agricultural development is complicated by frequent droughts. Livestock - raising goats, cattle, sheep, donkeys and pigs. Fishing is poorly developed. Since 1990, ships of the EU countries have been fishing tuna in the waters of Cape Verde. In 2001, another three-year agreement was concluded, according to which the quotas for catching tuna were increased to 7 thousand tons.

Industry.

Poorly developed. Its share in GDP in 2001 was 17%. The main enterprises are fish canning factories, a shipyard, a brewery, clothing and shoe factories, a building materials factory, factories for processing decorative stone and factories for assembling bicycles and motorcycles. Mining: Extraction of salt and pozzolana (used to make cement).

International trade.

The volume of imports significantly exceeds the volume of exports. Imports in 2002 - US $ 220 million, exports - US $ 30 million. The main imports are foodstuffs, diesel fuel, cars, transport and electrical equipment, and paper products. Main import partners: Portugal (49.1%), Netherlands (7.2%), Germany (5.7%) - 2002. Fish, lobster, salt, leather, footwear and clothing are exported. The main export partners are Portugal (38.5%), Great Britain (26.4%), France (23.1%) and the USA (8.2%) - 2002.

Energy.

100% of electricity is generated in thermal power plants using diesel fuel, wood and charcoal.

Transport.

There is no railway connection. The length of highways is 1100 km, including 858 km of asphalted roads (1999). Seaports: Mindelo, Praia and Tarrafal. Merchant Marine - 40 ships (2001). In 2002, there were 9 airports, including 2 international ones - on Sal (opened in 1973) and in Praia (opened in 1999).

Finance and credit.

The monetary unit is Cape Verde's eshkudu (CVE), consisting of 100 centavus. National currency rate in December 2002: 1 USD \u003d 123.21 CVE.

Administrative device.

The country is divided into 17 municipal districts, consisting of zones.

Political parties.

Multi-party system. The most influential are the African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde, PAICV (Partido Africano da Independência de Cabo Verde, PAICV). Created in 1956 as the "African Party for the Independence of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde" (PAIGC). It received its current name in 1981. It aims to carry out democratic reforms and reduce poverty. 1975–1991 - the only and ruling party. Since 2001 he has been in power again. Movement for Democracy, MPD (Movimento para a Democracia, MPD), leader - Agostinho Lopes. It was established in 1990. It considers its task to be the formation of a civil society, the active development of private entrepreneurship. She was in power from 1991-2001. Party for Democratic Unity, PDE (Partido da Convergência Democràtica, PCD). Chairman. - Eurico Monteiro. Founded in 1994. It occupies a centrist position.

The African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde and the Movement for Democracy have dominated the political life of the republic since its independence in 1975. After the announcement in 1991 of a multi-party system, both managed to stay in power for 10 years.

Trade union associations.

National Union of Workers of Cape Verde - Trade Union Center (Uniăo Nacional dos Trabalhadores de Cabo Verde - Central Sindical, UNTC - CS). Created in 1978, 9 thousand members. Gene. secretary - Júlio Ascensăo Silva.

Education.

Primary education (4 years of compulsory education and 2 years at will) children receive from 7 years. The secondary takes place in two cycles of 3 years each. Higher school: created in 1994-1999 pedagogical, economic and several technical universities. In 1999, the creation of the university began in Praia. Many Caboverians are pursuing higher education in Cuba, Portugal, Russia, the United States and France. In 2003, 76.6% of the population was literate (85.8% of men and 69.2% of women).

Healthcare.

The problem of tuberculosis is acute. Lack of fresh water (only 42% of the population has constant access to it) leads to outbreaks of intestinal infectious diseases. In 2000 for 1 thousand people. there were 0.38 doctors (in rural areas there is only 1 doctor per 10 thousand inhabitants). In 2001, 225 people died of AIDS, there were 775 people. HIV-infected.

Press, radio broadcasting, television, Internet.

Published by: the government weekly newspaper "Orizonte" (Orizonte - "Horizon"), weekly "Boletim Oficial da República de Cabo Verde" and "Boletin informative" ( Boletim Informativo - "Information Bulletin"), the newspaper "Tribuna" (Tribuna - "Tribune"), magazines "Raízes" ("Roots") and "Unidade and Luta" (Unidade e Luta - "Unity and Struggle"). Since 1988 the information agency "Informpress" (formerly "Kabopress") has been operating. Radio and television are in operation (since 1984). In 2002, there were 12 thousand Internet users.

Tourism.

Tourists are attracted by the sandy beaches of the islands of Boavista, Mayu and Sal, as well as the picturesque mountain landscapes of the islands of Brava, Santo Antan, Santiago and Fogu. Favorable climatic conditions allow receiving tourists all year round... Both local entrepreneurs and foreign investors invest in tourism development (in 1998, 74% of all foreign investments were invested). The main foreign investors are Austria, Germany, Spain, Italy, Portugal and France. Hotel complexes in Tarrafal, on the Boavista Islands, Mayu, San Vicente and Santo Antan are popular. In 1999, the first five-star Criula Hotel was opened on Sal Island. The number of tourists (Portuguese, Germans, Italians, Dutch, Americans, French, South Africans, etc.) is increasing annually: 20 thousand people. in 1993, 67 thousand people in 1999. In 2000, the country was visited by 83.3 thousand people, and the income from tourism amounted to 40.8 million US dollars. Sightseeing: Catholic cathedrals of colonial times, the village of Cidadi Velha (translated as “ old city", Founded on the island of Santiago in the 15th century, is included in the list of UNESCO-protected historical monuments), the Belen tower and the Maritime Museum in Mindelu, the Ethnographic Museum in Praia. When planning travel around the country, you should take into account the holidays: January 20, May 1, July 5, November 1.

Architecture.

Traditional dwellings in rural areas are funku stone one- or two-room houses (built without the use of cement) with an earthen floor and mandatory shutters on the windows. The roof is gable, it is laid from straw or tiles. The architectural appearance of modern cities organically combines old colonial mansions and multi-storey buildings and cottages with all the amenities, the construction of which began in the 1990s. Luxurious hotels and supermarkets made of glass and reinforced concrete structures have become a feature of the cities.

Fine arts and crafts.

Contemporary artists - B. Barros-Gizzi, M. Quairosh, C. Lima, L. Lopes, J. Miranda, M. Fernandes, M. Figueira and C. Figueira. The works of the artist K. Lima are well known not only in Cape Verde and African countries, but also in Spain, Cuba, the Netherlands, Portugal, France, Switzerland and Latin American countries. In the city of Praia, exhibitions of local artists and exhibitions-fairs of folk craftsmen are regularly organized. Pottery, weaving of products from straw, making souvenirs (ashtrays, lamps, boxes) from wood and coconut shells, ornaments made of ceramics, seashells and fish teeth are well developed.

Literature.

It is considered one of the most developed among the literatures of the Portuguese-speaking countries. It has been developing in Portuguese and Creole (Criulu) since the early 20th century. The founders of literature in Portuguese are J. Barboza, M. Lopes and B. Lopes. One of the first novels - Shikinho B. Lopesha (1947). E. Tavares is considered to be the founder of Creole literature in Cape Verde. In 1989 the Writers' Union of Cape Verde was created. The works of contemporary writers D. Almada, J. Varelet, M. Veigu, A. Vieira, A. Gonçalves, V. Duarte, O. Osoriu, M. Fonseca are also published in Angola, Belgium, Brazil, Portugal, Russia and France.

Music.

The population is very musical. The national music combines European, African and Latin American traditions. Musical styles: morna (short sad songs about the hardships of the fate of emigrants), coladeira (cheerful songs), funana (African melodies) and Brazilian samba. The six-string guitar and the ancient one-string simboa made from coconut shells are the most popular musical instruments. Mass carnival processions are widespread, the participants of which dance in bizarre masks to the accompaniment of drums, xylophones and trumpets. The singer Cesaria Evora has won worldwide fame. Her tour was a great success in Moscow in 2000 and 2003. The names of such singers and musicians as Bana, R. Veloso, I. Lobu, L. Morais, T. Paris and Titina are known in Portuguese-speaking countries. Of the many musical groups, Bulimundu and Tubaroish are especially popular. Music festivals are held with the participation of performers from Angola, Brazil, Portugal and the USA.

Theater and cinema.

There is no professional theater. The amateur theatrical groups “Youth on the March”, “Canizade”, “Corda Caoberdi”, “Ramonda”, the troupe of the Portuguese Cultural Center, etc. have been created and are still working. The tour of the group “Youth on the March” was successfully held in Belgium, the Netherlands, Portugal, France, Africa and Latin America. In 1995 in Mindelu the theater festival "Mindelakt" was held, which has received international status since 1997. In the late 1980s, the development of national cinematography began. The first film was a joint work of filmmakers of the Republic and the USSR - a documentary Songs of the land and the sea (1989). In 1999, a film festival was held on the island of Sal, where directors from Angola, Cape Verde, Portugal and Senegal presented their work.

History.

Colonial period.

The first information about the archipelago was contained in the diaries of the Arab traveler Idrisi (12th century) and in the encyclopedia of a certain Omari (14th century). Portuguese sailors landed on the island of Sal in 1446. The official date of the discovery of the Cape Verde Islands by navigators from Portugal D. Gomes and D. Afonso, as well as travelers A. Cadamosto (from Venice) and A. Noli (from Genoa) is 1460. The first settlers appeared in 1462 on the island of Santiago. In 1466, the islands began to be massively populated by Portuguese colonists, officials and exiles. Later, the Spaniards, French and Genoa residents arrived. In 1495, the islands were officially declared the possession of Portugal. From 1581 they belonged to Spain, but in 1640 they again became a Portuguese colony. In the 16-19 centuries. were one of the largest centers and transit point for the slave trade. The economic development of the archipelago began with agriculture and cattle breeding, later fishing began to develop. Slave labor was widely used. Until 1878, slavery existed on the islands. The archipelago and Portuguese Guinea were a single colony until 1879. After the end of the slave trade, the importance of the islands for the colonialists declined, and many European settlers left. The authorities began to encourage the influx of new settlers, including contract workers from Angola, Cape Verde and Mozambique. For the first time our compatriots set foot on the land of Cape Verde in 1853: the sailors of the frigate "Pallada", which, heading from St. Petersburg to Vladivostok, made a stop at the port of Praia. The life of the islanders of that period is described in the novel Frigate "Pallada" IA Goncharov, who took part in this campaign.

The period of colonial development was marked by numerous uprisings of the local population against the authorities. The anti-colonial struggle was led by the African Party for the Independence and Union of the Peoples of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAI), created in 1956, and renamed in 1960 as the African Party for the Independence of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde (PAIGC). One of its founders, Amilcar Cabral, became its general secretary. In 1963, the party began an armed struggle. In 1973 A. Kabral was killed as a result of a terrorist attack. After the fall of the fascist regime in Portugal, a transitional government was formed in the city of Praia. PAIGK won the elections in June 1975. Aristides Pereira was elected President.

A period of independent development.

Independence proclaimed on July 5, 1975. Following the military coup in Guinea-Bissau, the island party organization seceded from PAIGC and in January 1981 the Cape Verde African Independence Party (PAICV) was formed. A one-party regime was established. In March 1986, the Republic of Cape Verde was renamed the Republic of Cape Verde. In the late 1980s, the socio-political situation was aggravated by economic difficulties and a wave of revelations of corruption in the upper echelons of power. After the abolition in 1990 of the article of the constitution, securing the monopoly of the PAIKV, the parliamentary elections on January 13, 1991, won the party "Movement for Democracy" (MPD), created in 1990. In February 1991, Antonio Machareñas Monteiro was elected president (70% of the votes). The new government's policy was aimed at democratic transformation, the development of national private capital, attracting foreign investment and developing relations with Portugal, Brazil and the Portuguese-speaking countries of Africa.

In the parliamentary elections in December 1995, the MPD retained the majority of seats in the National Assembly, and in February 1996 A. Monteiro was re-elected for a second term. The binding of the Cape Verdean eshkud to the Portuguese currency (agreement 1998) facilitated trade with the EU and Francophone Africa. The creation in 1997 of a unified communication network of the islands allowed the creation of an offshore banking center. Population dissatisfaction with insufficient attention of the government to social problems led to the defeat of the MPD in the elections on January 14, 2001. PAIKV won 40 seats in the parliament, the MPD - 30, the Democratic Alliance for Change (coalition of parties) - 2. The presidential elections were held in two rounds. The PAIKV candidate with 50.01% of the vote, Pedro Verona Pires, became president. He was elected on February 25, 2001, reelected to this post for the second time in 2006. He resigned in 2011, without participating in the elections, since, according to the Constitution, he held the post of head of state for the maximum term. The policy of the P. Piresh government was aimed at privatization, poverty reduction and attracting foreign investment.

Cape Verde in the 21st century

In August 2011, Jorge Fonseca, a candidate for the opposition Movement for Democracy, defeated the ruling party's candidate Manuel Inocencio Sousa, a member of the ruling African Independence Party of Cape Verde, with 55% of the vote.

The new president is opposed by parliament - in February 2011, the Cape Verdean African Independence Party won the parliamentary elections.

Lyubov Prokopenko

The Republic of Cape Verde is located in the Cape Verde Islands archipelago, about 500 km west of Dakar. It includes 18 islands. The highest point is the Fogu volcano, its height is 2829 meters. The coastline is 965 kilometers long. The total area of \u200b\u200bthe state is 4033 square kilometers.

Capital

Praia is the capital of Cape Verde, the most populous city in the country, its economic and cultural center. On its territory is the main port through which all exports to neighboring countries... However, Praia is also the largest resort with great recreational opportunities.

Population

Several ethnic groups live in the country. Most are mulattos, about 28% of the total population is African, 1% is Europeans.

Tongue

The official language is considered to be Portuguese; Creole and West African are also in great demand. In large cities and resorts, some hotel employees and workers in public places, in particular banks, speak English at an intermediate level.

Religion

About 90% of the population are Catholics, about 3% are Protestants, the rest of the population professes traditional ancient African beliefs.

Regions and resorts

Mostly people come here on vacation, for the sake of sea adventures. However, some cities and resorts offer interesting opportunities for excursions.

Santiago is the largest island, famous for its natural landscapes and mild climate.

Sal is another popular island from which all tourist routes begin. The main feature of the place is international Airport and a windsurfing center located in the town of Santa Maria. Due to its equipment, professional approach, the center is included in the top 5 best places all over the world.

Sao Vicente - the largest city of Mindelo is located on this island. People come here for excursions to the preserved colonial buildings, and of course for the night entertainment.

Santo Antan is the greenest corner of the entire archipelago. Numerous natural excursions can be booked here. Mainly hiking, beach recreation and hang gliding are thriving here.

Boavista is an island of beaches and dunes. Walking through the area, you can enjoy the true beauty of the desert, oases, and have a great time on the beaches.

São Nicolau is a small island, famous for the presence of the famous rock on which ancient writings have been preserved.

Santa Lucia - the length of the island is 13 kilometers, with a width of 5 kilometers, today it is the only uninhabited island in the entire archipelago. People come here for a secluded holiday, as well as for diving.

Difference in time

Kaliningrad: - 3 hours

Moscow: - 4 hours

Samara: - 5 hours

Yekaterinburg: - 6 hours

Omsk: - 7 hours

Krasnoyarsk: - 8 hours

Irkutsk: - 9 hours

Yakutsk: - 10 hours

Vladivostok: - 11 hours

Magadan: - 12 hours

Kamchatka: - 13 hours

Climate

The country has a tropical climate. The best time to relax is between June and October. At this time of the year, the air temperature on average reaches + 32 degrees, with water indicators + 26 degrees.

Visa and customs

To stay in the country of Cape Verbe, citizens of the Russian Federation require a visa. You can get it by contacting the country's consulate, which is located in Moscow. To do this, you will need to collect the required package of documents. It consists of a valid passport, a completed application form, and color photographs. In addition, you will be asked to present a hotel reservation or an invitation from relatives or friends, as well as round-trip tickets.

A tourist visa is issued for a period of six months. Documents are verified within 3 working days.

There is a second option, in which case you will receive a visa upon arrival at the airport. To do this, you need to collect the necessary package of documents, as for a regular visa, and obtain a special permit from the consulate.

Customs

You can import and export currency in unlimited quantities without declaring. It is allowed to import, without paying the duty, cigarettes in the amount of 400 pieces, 2 liters of alcoholic beverage. In addition, the import and export of products and goods of general consumption within the framework of personal use is allowed. The list of prohibited items is standard; it is not allowed to transport narcotic drugs, weapons, psychotropic drugs, etc.

How to get there

There are no direct flights from Russia to Cape Verde. The best option is a flight from Moscow to Lisbon. From there, you will need to change trains all the way to Sal. In addition, convenient connecting flights are offered by airlines that fly through Madrid, Paris, Frankfurt. The approximate flight time without transfer is 9 hours.

Excursions

praia Island

island of sao vicente

Eshpargush

boavista island

sal island

during the excursion you can visit interesting architectural sites, as well as a large number of natural sites.

Transport

A cheap and popular form of public transport is a minibus. It does not have a clear timetable; it leaves only after it is completely filled with passengers.

Taxi

If you wish, you can use a taxi service. The price should be negotiated in advance. Taxis can be ordered for one trip or for the whole day.

Intercity transport

Local airlines operate between the two large islands of Sal and Santiago. You can get to other resorts by ferry or boat.

Rent a car in Cape Verde

Tourists are allowed to rent a car, for this you need to have an international driver's license, a new Russian license, a credit card. In this case, the driver must be over 21 years old and have a driving experience of at least 1 year.

Communication

The main cellular operator is Cabo Verde Telecom. It operates on the basis of the GSM 900 standard. Russian subscribers of MTS and Megafon can use Thuraya satellite communications.

You can buy a SIM card at any of the offices or at the airport.

the Internet

The situation with the Internet is bad, Russian operators do not have GPRS-roaming. Access to the network works only on the territory of large hotels, hotels, business centers.

Money

The official currency is the Cape Verde escudo. Currency exchange offices operate on the territory of the airport and in hotels. However, banks offer more favorable exchange conditions. They are open Monday through Friday from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm, some are also open on Saturdays until 12:00 pm. You should not change the entire amount, since the reverse exchange service is not provided here.

Only large hotels, restaurants and shops work with credit cards.

How much money to take with you

Each tourist decides how much money to take with him, based on his habits and preferences. We offer a table of prices for the most popular items of expenditure, based on data from 2017.

How to avoid problems

Cape Verde is a relatively safe country, with a calm atmosphere in all tourist regions. However, there are several rules that must be followed in order to avoid disturbing restful relaxation.

Do not use tap water, it is advisable to buy water in plastic bottles. In addition, do not use ice, as it can also contain pathogenic microbes.

Eat dairy products with caution.

Rinse fruits and vegetables with boiled water.

Big cities

Praia - the capital of Cape Verde

Mindelo is the second largest city in the country.

Shopping

After an exciting vacation in Cape Verde, you can buy interesting souvenirs for family and friends. Various products of local craftsmen are very popular. These include clay figurines, straw baskets, and ceramics.

Kitchen

The national cuisine of Cape Verde is simple, there are no delights and delicacies in it, but this is precisely the zest. Here you can taste simple yet delicious dishes. Seafood is very popular. In restaurants you can order lobster and tuna dishes, try sawfish, sea bass, or taste barnacles and octopuses. The national food is kachupa, besides the inhabitants of each island prepare it in their own way.

Entertainment and attractions

Fogo is the most popular island in the archipelago

Sal is the sunniest island. Thanks to the amazing climate, you can relax here throughout the year.

Palmeira is one of the interesting ports on the island of Sal. There are many underwater caves and reefs on its territory, so this place is appreciated among diving enthusiasts.

VerdeSanta Maria is a resort town located on the island of Sal.

Praia is the capital of the state, here you can visit interesting architectural complexes of the colonial period.

Sal Rei - invites tourists to plunge into the atmosphere of African exoticism.

Mindelo - the best beaches and luxurious nightlife.

Holidays and events

February - Ash Wednesday (the first day of Lent for Catholics)

March-April - Good Friday

The Republic of Cape Verde was formerly referred to as Cape Verde Island.

The Cape Verde Islands (or a state called Cape Verde) are located slightly in the waters of the Atlantic Ocean. This is an amazing combination of wild, almost untouched nature with modern service that gives a person everything he needs here.

Geographical position

Each on the map is located along a strip of tropical climate. Since there are land areas in close proximity to the African continent, but at the same time in the Northern Hemisphere, dry winds and monsoons often occur here. From the eternal drought, which is observed in the Sahara, only the ocean saves, which slightly fills the air with moisture. The archipelago itself consists of ten large islands and five (other sources claim eight) smaller ones. All of them are divided into two groups: Barlaventa (Windward) and Sotaventa (Leeward). The first includes the islands of São Vicente, Santo Antán, Santa Luzia, São Nicolau, Boavista and Sal. The second includes Fogo, Mayu, Brava, Santiago, as well as small islets: Razu, Branco, Grande, Santa Maria, Luis Carneiro, Sima, Salada and Do Rei. The latter of these is the main port of Cape Verde.

Climate

As mentioned above, the Cape Verde Islands lie in a tropical natural area. A dry climate prevails here, and the monsoons that eternally blow from Africa help to endure. It is always windy on the islands, which is why such a sport as windsurfing is very well developed here. The water temperature in the ocean in summer is 26 degrees, and in winter it drops to 22. Thus, you can relax at this resort at any time of the year. It is also worth noting that from August the rainy season begins here, which lasts until October. True, the amount of precipitation is minimal, and most often it rains in the mountains.

Geological data

If we consider separately each Cape Verde island on the map, we will find that this archipelago is not of continental origin, as it can be assumed (due to its proximity to Africa), but volcanic. This zone is seismically stable and is located only on Fugu Island. The danger lies in wait from a completely different side. The islands of Boavista and Sal are subject to erosion due to strong ocean waves and constant monsoons, which bring with them not only heat, but also sand. Nevertheless, so far, their underwater structure retains its original appearance.

A small historical sketch

Historians have found the first mention of the Cape Verde Islands in the flight diaries of the Arab navigator Idrisi, who lived in the 12th century. The official date of the discovery of these lands is considered to be 1460, when the Portuguese landed on the shores of the island of Sal. They declared these lands their colony and new possessions and founded the first settlements here. Over the centuries, up to the 20th century, more and more people from all over Europe and even from Russia arrived here. They were followed by immigrants from Africa. In 1956, the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde was founded here. In 1974, it achieved complete independence from Portugal for itself, and today it exists autonomously.

Ethnic composition

The Cape Verde Islands were uninhabited until they were discovered by the people of Portugal. Since then, the flow of immigrants here has been huge, while people came not only from Europe, but also from Africa. Thus, a racial type was formed here, which is collectively called "Creoles". They make up 70% of the total population of the country. 28% are Africans, but only 1% are white-skinned people. Half of the population lives in cities. The largest ports in the country are Mindelo and São Filipe. The capital is the city of Praia. 44% of Cape Verdeans live below the poverty line.

sights

Where is Cape Verde Island worth visiting? It is difficult to single out a specific region, because each unit of the archipelago will be able to attract your attention with something special.

  • Sal is the most popular island. There are always a lot of tourists, excellent transport links and beautiful beaches suitable for recreation and surfing.
  • Santo Antau is endless natural beauty. You can examine for days high mountains and enjoy their greatness.
  • There is an active volcano on the island of Fogo, to the mouth of which you can go with an excursion group.
  • On the banks of the Brava, flower beds and shrubs of incredible beauty are grown.

Conclusion

A unique natural creation and at the same time an excellent place for summer holidays - Cape Verde Islands. There is a photo of this geographical object in the article, and looking at them, you can roughly understand how beautiful and good it is. These are not typical resort islands with azure calm sea turning into pink sand. it interesting place for lovers of outdoor activities and new experiences!

If you are tired of civilization and want a fascinating unity with nature, then you should definitely visit the sunny African region called Cape Verde. The fabulously beautiful coastal waters can be considered the highlight of this country.

Cape Verde on world map

The state called Cape Verde, also called the Republic of the Cape Verde Islands, is located in the West African region and occupies the territory of several islands in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean.
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It is closest to the state, at a distance of 620 kilometers. The archipelago to which the Cape Verde Islands belong, has ten large islands and eight small islets. Cape Verde island possessions are located west of Senegal.
Distinguish between Windward and Leeward groups of islands. The brightest representatives of the first group are called Mayu, Santiago, Fogu and Brava. The second includes the island lands called Sal, San Vicente, Boavista, San Nicolau and others. Cape Verde occupies a relatively small area of \u200b\u200bland, amounting to only 4 thousand square kilometers, in which more than 500 thousand people live.

Cape Verde

The largest city in the republic is its capital called Praia. The locals are fluent in Portuguese, since before 1975 the country was under patronage. However, in addition to Portuguese, the status of the official language also belongs to the traditional Capeverdian. At the head of the republic is the president (now Jorge Carlos Fonseca).
The relief of Cape Verde is quite hilly. About an eighth of the country is located in the zone of dry highlands made of rubble. In appearance, such a surface can hardly be compared with anything else. The locals called this area "lunar landscape". A characteristic feature of the relief of Cape Verde can be considered a powerful volcanic activity. The entire territory of the republic is covered with high volcanoes. Most of them have long been asleep in peaceful sleep, but some still make themselves felt, occasionally casting down flames and blazing lava. The coast is strewn with huge rocks that slope down to the sea with sharp slopes.
There are practically no quiet and cozy harbors here, but the area called Mindelo, which is a former crater of a sleeping volcano, should be noted. The coastline is about 965 kilometers long. The high-altitude maximum of Cape Verde is 2829 meters and is called Fogo. This peak is currently an active volcano. Its last eruption took place in November 2014. The lowest point of the republic is the level of the Atlantic Ocean.
The location of the Cape Verde archipelago contributes to powerful seismic activity, which manifests itself not only in volcanic eruptions, but also in frequent earthquakes. The inhabitants of the island of Brava suffer the most from this problem. The rest of the parts can boast of greater geological stability. The local population is actively extracting minerals, but mineral springs with healing properties are much more popular.
The flora of Cape Verde cannot boast of a pronounced diversity. It is represented mainly by herbaceous species and low shrubs that can grow on desert lands. Only in mountainous areas can you see several types of trees, and the valleys are dotted with almonds and palms. tourism can be considered the island of Brava. It was nicknamed "the island of flowers" for its wondrous, riotous vegetation. The population uses wells and special wells as sources of fresh water, but desalination plants are no less in demand.
The fauna boasts an abundance of birds. Flamingos, parrots, seagulls, quails and many other colorful bird species live here. Among mammals, there are especially many representatives of the feline family, as well as domestic animals that the settlers brought with them. The coastal areas are rich in fish and a variety of marine life, including whales, which very often swim to the edge of the Cape Verde Islands.
Not so long ago, there were permanent rivers on the islands of Cape Verde, but active deforestation has led to their complete disappearance. Small freshwater streams are temporary and appear only after the end of the rainy season. That is why the modern government of the republic is actively involved in environmental protection. Work is underway to restore forests.

State flag of Cape Verde

The main national symbol of the Republic of Cape Verde is represented by a bright blue cloth, which depicts three equal stripes in the horizontal direction. The central place belongs to a blood-red ribbon, framed by two snow-white lines. Closer to the flagstaff there is a symbolic circle of ten golden stars with five corners. This circle takes up about a quarter of the entire width of the flag.

Attractions and recreation in Cape Verde

Contrary to the expectations of fans of hot African countries, the island territories of Cape Verde cannot boast of impeccable nature and endless azure beaches. However, this does not mean at all that there is nothing interesting in this region from a tourist point of view.
Caba Verde is a country of contrasts, combining the emerald blue of the ocean and rocky shores incinerated by the blazing sun. You will not be able to find a second equally charming land anywhere else in the world. Interestingly, the main treasures of the republic are hidden from view, as they hide under tons of ocean waters. Experienced divers and connoisseurs of active people just love to relax here. marine species sports. In the ocean, you can enjoy watching coral reefs of wondrous beauty and numerous ocean inhabitants. In addition, the ocean depths hide the most real labyrinths, consisting of underwater caves and long tunnels, connecting to each other in huge labyrinths.
When the migration period begins, the islands are filled with life in the literal sense of the word. Here you can see not only colorful schools of fish, which are hunted by fans of sport fishing, but also whole flocks of giant whales.
Tourists always linger in the capital of Cape Verde called Praia. In this city, you can hardly find cultural and architectural attractions, but amazing sandy beaches called Cuebra Canela and Praia Mar stand out against the general background, which are almost the only areas on the coast suitable for a beach holiday.
A town called Ciudad Velha is located just a few kilometers from the capital and is famous for its beautiful fort, which literally piles over the raging ocean waters. The place called Real da Santo Felipe is definitely worth your attention. Tarrafal is another luxurious beach area.
If you want to go to boat trip, then you should definitely visit the island called Sal. It is on this land that the international airport is located and there is a developed infrastructure, which has always been to the liking of tourists.
The island of Santo Vincente is famous for youth recreation, as there are a lot of bars, nightclubs and restaurants on it. You will definitely not get bored here. Colonial architecture and unique nature create a truly indescribable atmosphere here.
Hiking is best done on an island called Santo Antan. It is covered with a colorful carpet of abundant green vegetation. Tourists love to explore the local quaint landscapes with mountain bikes or giant SUVs.
There are a lot of hotel complexes in Cape Verde and all of them fully comply with high quality standards. Local vacationers know very well what all-inclusive is. The hotels are equipped with swimming pools, restaurant complexes and luxury apartments. After visiting the islands of Cape Verde, you should definitely look into the colorful souvenir shops to buy a couple of creative crafts made from turtle shells, clay and ceramic figurines.
Cape Verde is sure to win your heart. You should definitely go on an underwater excursion and watch the majestic whales.

The picturesque archipelago became the birthplace of Cesaria Evora and the music of the Good Life. The ocean is considered the calling card of the Cape Verde Islands: the resorts of Cape Verde attract travelers with secluded sandy beaches, luxury hotels, scuba diving, sport fishing, surfing and yachting. It is necessary to highlight the picturesque nature, which creates conditions for ecological tourism.

General understanding of the country

The Cape Verde archipelago consists of 18 islets located in the Atlantic Ocean 620 km from West Africa. The islands are located at a distance of 150 km from each other, which makes travel throughout the state very problematic.

The area is unique in its preserved virgin nature, not disturbed by the tourist infrastructure. A series of national parks are closely intertwined with the modern development of society, which makes the rest more rich and interesting. The main feature of the region is associated with a huge number of diving centers that offer sport fishing services.

The local weather is shaped by a dry tropical climate. Unlike other African countries located in this zone, the islands are cooler and there are no sharp temperature changes day and night. The archipelago is blown by northeasterly winds, which bring coolness and bring down the heat. It is best to fly to Cape Verde resorts from August to October.

How to get to resorts from different CIS countries

Cape Verde is not connected with the CIS by direct flights. However, from Moscow or Minsk tourists will be able to get to Sala or Santiago with transfers to, or. If you do not take into account the waiting time between docking, the flight will take nine hours.

To visit the country, residents of the CIS need to obtain medical insurance and a special visa. As for the latter, it is done at the airport, the cost is 25 euros per person.

Santiago is the largest volcanic island in the archipelago. On the territory is the capital of the state of Praia, a port city and the center of Cape Verde's nightlife. Music festivals and dance performances are regularly held here. The metropolitan area is famous for its old colonial city, protected by UNESCO.

San Antau is considered the second largest area in Cape Verde and the greenest. This paradise is decorated with mountains, steep canyons, huge cliffs and wooded slopes. The edges of the cliffs are dotted with small fishing villages. Flat Sal attracts tourists with its tropical white beaches in the city of Santa Maria. This is the most important ecosystem where sea turtles can be seen. The island is also considered the best for windsurfing and kitesurfing.

The most interesting, picturesque and wonderful island of San Vincente. The place is not spoiled by mass tourism and attracts with cultural diversity. The city of Mindelo is interesting for its colorful houses and festivals. This village hosts the largest event of the year in the resorts of Cape Verde - the carnival. The island of Fogo with the city of São Philippe is famous for its active volcano, on the crater of which there is a village.

Medical and ecological tourism in Cape Verde

Healing tourism on the Cape Verde Islands is represented by elite spa centers located in luxury hotels and hotel complexes. Local wellness and rejuvenation spas offer treatments such as sea baths, a variety of massages, mud therapy and thalassotherapy. Santo Antan and Brava are famous for their healing mineral springs, the local thermal water has a beneficial effect on the heart, digestive and nervous systems.

Eco-tourism lovers should be aware that most of Cape Verde's islands are volcanic. Only one of them remained active (Fogu). The archipelago is used for salt and limestone mining, volcanic tuff and pozzolana. The vegetation here is not diverse, the flora is represented by herbs and shrubs, coconut and date palms, cypresses and eucalyptus, pines and acacias. Exotic birds, lizards and monkeys can be found among living creatures.

Connoisseurs of green tourism come to the resorts of Cape Verde for diving, as the local coast is considered the most beautiful in the world. The coastal waters will delight scuba divers with barracuda, stingrays, salmon and moray eels, sole and tuna, lobsters and eels, clams and lobsters. Whales, dolphins and sharks also live here.

Basic entertainment, how to spend time

In addition to diving and relaxing on the beach, tourists in Cape Verde most of all like to visit the island of Fogo, where they snowboard from the top of the volcano to the black sands.

The coastal waters will delight scuba divers with reefs, rocks, caves with octopuses and crabs, wrecks. Better to come for snorkeling from April to November.

The Cape Verde Islands are also famous for their excellent windsurfing conditions. The mountains of Santo Antau are used for trekking and hang gliding. Hiking and cycling tours are organized in the valley.

Every February, a colorful carnival is held in the capital and Mindelo.

Attractions, what to see in the resorts of Cape Verde

Cape Verde is attractive because each island is considered unique and different from the others. Santo Antau is interesting for its picturesque mountains and craters of Cova, Brava - with beautiful flowers, and Fogu - with the active volcano of the same name.

Santiago is the largest island in the country. The capital, Praia, is famous for the Portuguese fortress of Saint Philip in the Old Town. This is the first European building in the republic. The fortress walls are decorated with cannons raised from the ocean depths.

Archeology aficionados should visit São Nicolau. In this place, behold the legendary rock with ancient inscriptions that have not yet been solved by scientists and researchers.

Resorts in Cape Verde are considered safe, but do not forget about some tips and tricks:

  • The islands of Boavista and Sal are completely safe for travelers, which cannot be said about Praia and São Vicente.
  • Do not walk in the surrounding areas at night.
  • In public places, bags and expensive items should be supervised.
  • There are no African diseases in Cape Verde, so you don't need to get vaccinated before traveling.
  • The country should be careful about personal hygiene.
  • The water is suitable for drinking only after boiling, but it is better to buy bottled mineral water.
  • Local residents willingly help tourists and take pictures.
  • The islands are connected by planes and boats. Minibuses and taxis run overland. To rent a car you need a standard package. Ferry services are extremely unreliable, and flights using local airlines take at least 1 day of rest.

Reviews of tourists about a trip to the country

Valentina: Last year, my husband and I flew to Cape Verde for two weeks. The Cape Verde Islands are strikingly different from mainland Africa. The infrastructure is developed, and the locals are friendly and do not try to fool a rich tourist. The nature is unusual, but amazing, and the active volcano is simply mesmerizing.

Evgeny: My wife and I spent their honeymoon in Cape Verde, and did not regret coming here at all. Picturesque nature, warm ocean with a rich underwater world, friendly inhabitants and much more - all this amazed during a romantic trip. At the first opportunity, it will be necessary to once again go to the resorts of Cape Verde.

The Cape Verde Islands, located far from mainland Africa, have long enjoyed excellent infrastructure. Cape Verde will delight travelers with an interesting underwater world, excellent conditions for windsurfing, picturesque nature with a volcano and mountains.

Video review: Cape Verde resorts